All 15 patients (100%) had a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) while 4 (26%) patients also had comorbid social anxiety disorder, and they all (100%) were using SSRIs at the time of the enrollment with a mean dose of 40 mg/day (Table 1). Methods. In a study (randomized controlled trial) of 166 patients with severe dementia in either Alzheimer’s or vascular dementia, the group treated with memantine were reported to show better functional outcomes, and were less dependent on their caregivers, after 12 weeks of treatment with memantine [13]. Methadone is another medication used to help individuals with opioid use disorder. Acquired fixational pendular nystagmus (APN) is a type of eye condition where eyes make repetitive uncontrolled movements that appear as excessive motion, and which blurs the patient’s vision. All of our content is written by scientists and people with a strong science background. It could be flexibly dosed upwards by 5 mg every week based on effectiveness and tolerability to a maximum dose of 20 mg/day. The efficacy and safety of memantine in children has not been studied extensively enough for it to be approved for use in younger patients [3]. Nonetheless, like any drug, there is always at least some potential of experiencing adverse side-effects, and so it’s important to be aware of these. Supposedly memantine works for anxiety by inhibition of glutamate. Our science team is put through the strictest vetting process in the health industry and we often reject applicants who have written articles for many of the largest health websites that are deemed trustworthy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used for the treatment of anxiety disorders; however, complete resolution of symptoms may only be seen in approximately 50% of patients [2]. Memantine was dosed 5–20 mg/day. According to one animal study, memantine disrupted conditioned alcohol-seeking behaviors in mice. Too little or too much glutamate can lead to cell death. The most commonly reported side effects of memantine include constipation, nausea, and headache. This is most commonly (though not necessarily always) caused by long-term alcohol abuse, and is often difficult to treat. These factors include: individual variation, dosage, time span over which you’ve taken the drug, and whether you’re taking any other drugs or supplements. Donepezil is another medication commonly used to treat AD. Our science team must pass long technical science tests, difficult logical reasoning and reading comprehension tests. 25 There is very little published data of memantine treatment of either OCD or GAD. There was no difference in the frequency of side effects between the two treatments [15]. Memantine may improve the ability to think and remember or may slow the loss of these abilities in p… Although memantine has a number of relatively well-supported medical uses when administered by qualified medical professionals, there are a number of factors that doctors may look for that might disqualify someone from receiving memantine treatment (due to elevated risk of negative side-effects or other adverse reactions). Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, is often in balance with an inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. Memantine was largely well-tolerated and associated with improvement in ADHD symptoms and neuropsychological performance. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Memantine is a medication used to treat moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. Align your health hacks with your genes for optimal health & cognitive function. Its use in other illnesses such as bipolar disorder and autism is currently being explored. Treatment with memantine significantly decreased the NPI score (5.8±4.3, p <0.01). 15 consecutive partially responding anxious patients were treated with adjunctive memantine for 10 weeks. I woke up really refreshed and happy, then I took the memantine … Memantine is believed to slow the neurotoxicity associated with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases [3]. Memantine also blocks nicotinic receptors [6]. Note that each number in parentheses [1, 2, 3, etc.] This benefit affects thinking, the ability to carry on normal daily activities, and the severity of behaviour and mood problems. That said, watch for fatigue, aches, dizziness, nausea, and constipation. We are dedicated to providing the most scientifically valid, unbiased, and comprehensive information on any given topic. non-Alzheimer’s-related) forms of dementia – a use that actually has quite a bit of solid scientific evidence to back it up, in spite of it not being officially approved by the FDA. Our team comprises of trained MDs, PhDs, pharmacists, qualified scientists, and certified health and wellness specialists. Total daily doses of memantine were divided between morning and evening and taken with food. However, despite this treatment, all were considered to be partial responders and not felt to be in remission in regards to their anxious symptoms. However, Gabapentin for anxiety is becoming increasingly popular. When memantine was combined with methadone, the two medications reportedly decreased the total amount of methadone needed to curb individuals’ craving for opioids over the course of 12 weeks of treatment [32]. When memantine was used to treat APN in patients with MS it resulted in complete cessation of the nystagmus [26]. It is important to note that memantine and other Alzheimer’s drugs do not cure Alzheimer’s – they only slow some of the cognitive decline commonly seen in this disease. Memantine was reported to be similar to methylphenidate in its ability to decrease symptoms of ADHD. Some researchers have therefore hypothesized that combining memantine with antidepressants could enhance their potency and effects, although much more clinical research would be needed in order for this to become a part of standard medical practice [43]. The kind of drunk, disoriented, and uncoordinated feeling widely reported by myself and others is what I believe is helping my anxiety. Main eligibility criteria included:(i)male and female outpatients aged 18–65 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of either generalized or social anxiety disorder based on MINI diagnostic interview;(ii)rating of at least “moderately ill” (score of 4) on the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) scale and score of at least 10 on HAM-A and 5 on HADS anxiety subscale;(iii)failure to respond adequately to trial of conventional anxiolytic;(iv)adequate treatment duration was considered 4 weeks at therapeutic dose;(v)adequate response is defined as an improvement of ≥50% in symptoms of anxiety on current anxiolytic therapy, as measured subjectively by patients or objectively by physician;(vi)stable on current psychiatric medication for ≥6 weeks prior to study entry. For example, an open-label pilot study in 33 bipolar disorder patients hospitalized for mania reported that 21 days of memantine reduced symptoms of mania [19]. Memantine has been reported to increase the concentration of sertraline (an antidepressant) in the brains of mice. Typical adverse events included nausea and headache. Be cautious about risk of falls if memantine causes sedation for the patient. Another study reported a slight improvement or no benefit of memantine in DLB [39]. Glutamate is felt to play a role in the development of anxiety. Usually, this is done because there is actually decent evidence that the drug may help, although this evidence might not be quite strong enough to get full FDA approval (which generally has very strict requirements). Week 3: 15 mg orally/day (Administer 5 mg and 10 mg as separate doses.) Bipolar disorder is a mental disorder characterized by periods of both elevated mood (mania) and depression, and some evidence exists that suggests that memantine may be helpful in treating some of its associated symptoms. They are continually monitored by our internal peer-review process and if we see anyone making material science errors, we don't let them write for us again. Memantine has been a godsend for my social anxiety. Comparisons to baseline in HAM-A and HADS were performed. There is the possibility of experiencing adverse side-effects or interactions: therefore it is important that you are continually monitored by your doctor while taking memantine. Glutamate, the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of anxiety [4, 5]. Selfhacked LLC does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Mean outcome trajectories were assessed by implementing a random intercept model to account for the within subject dependency due to assessments over the study period (Figure 1). Currently there are just five medications – including memantine – which have been approved for the treatment of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s. memantine in a patient with a history of seizures or epilepsy. A. Monn, and D. D. Schoepp, “Metabotropic glutamate receptors as novel targets for anxiety and stress disorders,”, N. Bassil and G. T. Grossberg, “Novel regimens and delivery systems in the pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease,”, R. Minkeviciene, P. Banerjee, and H. Tanila, “Cognition-enhancing and anxiolytic effects of memantine,”, E. Aboujaoude, J. J. Barry, and N. Gamel, “Memantine augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open-label trial,”, M. A. Battista, R. Hierholzer, H. R. Khouzam, A. Barlow, and S. O'Toole, “Pilot trial of memantine in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder,”, S. J. Thomas and G. T. Grossberg, “Memantine: a review of studies into its safety and efficacy in treating Alzheimer's disease and other dementias,”. The mean MMSE and NPI scores were 22.6±3.4 and 13.8±12.9, respectively. In some extreme cases they come with hallucinations, but this is rare. The Effect of Intraperitoneal Memantine Injection on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Stressed Rats. Conclusion. In preclinical reports and other clinical trials, memantine has been shown to be effective in the treatment of obsessive compulsive and posttraumatic disorders but has never been evaluated for generalized or social anxiety disorders [7–9]. Animal reproduction studies have shown adverse events, and patients are advised to use memantine with caution before- or during pregnancy [3]. At this point, adding memantine to Ms. A’s regimen of clomipramine (300 mg/day) and sulpiride (400 mg/day) was suggested, and she signed informed consent after explanation of this off-label therapy. Forty percent of patients achieved remission (HAM-A ≥ 7). Given that memantine has met FDA approval for medical use, the majority of scientific evidence supports the overall safety and effectiveness of memantine. namenda. The so-called “negative symptoms” of schizophrenia (such as decreased speech and socialization; reduced emotional response) were reduced when memantine was added to antipsychotics [25]. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), may play a role in the development of anxiety. Some studies reported benefit, one case documenting a 100% response [24]. Anxiety from memantine or naltrexone? Augmentation therapy is a common approach to managing patients who remain symptomatic despite adequate treatment with conventional antidepressant anxiolytics [3]. Another case study of a 56-year-old man who suffered from PTSD, depression, suicidal ideation, insomnia, and cognitive impairment reported an improvement in anger control, concentration, memory, and depression [18]. The analysis included double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of memantine in MDD and BD. Memantine is a prescription medication that needs to be approved and prescribed by your doctor. Memantine also blocks 5-HT3 (serotonin subtype 3) receptors. Disclaimer: This post is not a recommendation or endorsement for memantine. Objective. Therefore, it is important to take all of the information below with a healthy grain of salt! The patients also reported experiencing a subjective improvement in their mood, memory, and concentration [17]. is a clickable link to peer-reviewed scientific studies. All agreed to be enrolled in an open-label case series where memantine was used adjunctively with their preexisting SSRIs in order to further mitigate their anxiety. Memantine for anxiety. Memantine as an Augmentation Therapy for Anxiety Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. Memantine is not a cure for Alzheimer's disease but it can help people with the disease. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether memantine was beneficial for the treatment of depressive symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). The mean final dose of memantine was approximately 14 mg/day. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), W. E. Narrow, D. S. Rae, L. N. Robins, and D. A. Regier, “Revised prevalence estimates of mental disorders in the United States: using a clinical significance criterion to reconcile 2 surveys' estimates,”, J. C. Ballenger, “Current treatments of the anxiety disorders in adults,”, T. L. Schwartz, N. Azhar, J. Husain et al., “An open-label study of tiagabine as augmentation therapy for anxiety,”, B. M. Cortese and K. L. Phan, “The role of glutamate in anxiety and related disorders,”, C. J. Swanson, M. Bures, M. P. Johnson, A. M. Linden, J. According to some studies, memantine has shown some potential when used in addition to first-line treatments for OCD. Treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms; If you are struggling with anxiety, Memantine may be very helpful for you. The recommendations are. Our goal is to not have a single piece of inaccurate information on this website. Memantine as augmentation therapy (mainly to SSRIs) was well tolerated. Treatment should only be continued if beneficial effects are seen. Having a hard time focusing with all that is going on this year? Memantine has a small beneficial effect in people with moderate-to-severe AD. This condition often occurs in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be distressing. If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please leave a comment or contact us at [email protected]. 2012, Article ID 749796, 3 pages, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/749796, 1Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. The recommendations are personalized based on YOUR DNA. Memantine has been reported to reduce the symptoms of IN, as well as improve vision and the ability to angle the eyes in order to focus on objects (foveation) [27]. Finally, memantine may activate dopamine D2 receptors. Memantine is in a class of medications called NMDA receptor antagonists. Memantine will not cure Alzheimer's disease, and it will not stop the disease from getting worse. Memantine partially blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors' glutamate channels located in the CNS. I felt kind of off two nights ago but I am not sure if that's related. Dissociative or psychotic patients were excluded. This receptor is found in several areas of the limbic system including the amygdala and hippocampus [5]. However, glutamate is considered largely for depression because it is stimulating to the brain, not calming. 15 consecutive partially responding anxious patients were treated with adjunctive memantine for 10 weeks. Over the years many people have toyed with it hoping to use it to abuse recreational drugs and not develop tolerance, this backfired obviously. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. - posted in Brain Health: This is the most horrid anxiety I have ever had. Your email address will not be published. Memantine augmentation resulted in clinically relevant reduction in anxiety symptoms when compared to baseline. She took 5mg nightly for 4 days and during that time she still had a headache, but no side effects. This medicine is available only … Memantine also helps with severe dementia as well as dementia of WKS (Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome), but the results have not been as impressive as they are with vascular dementia. 6) May Decrease Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) According to some studies, memantine has shown some potential when used in addition to first-line treatments for OCD . This was a ten-week, single-center, open-label study for which fifteen patients were enrolled after obtaining Institutional review board approval. Memantine is a drug approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease. Gabapentin is a prescription medication, most commonly sold under the brand name, Neurontin. Dementia of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is dementia caused by vitamin B1 deficiency. We have written this post for informational purposes only, and our goal is solely to inform people about the science behind memantine’s effects, mechanisms, and current medical uses. Required fields are marked *. The most commonly reported adverse events included nausea 30% ( This may be due to the fact that it lowers glutamate levels, which is often implicated in anxiety. For more details about specific interactions and contraindications, please review the relevant entry in the BNF. Taking 20mg per day of memantine for 12 weeks reportedly decreased symptoms of inappropriately increased awareness and avoidance in a case series of 4 veterans. However, this effect would need to be studied in human patients to find out for sure whether a similar effect would be seen in humans, and not just mice. In a recent meta-analysis of 28 studies, the combination of donepezil and memantine was reported to significantly improve cognitive function, behavioral and psychological symptoms, and global functions more than donepezil alone, with the same side effects [8]. It is taken by mouth. It is a primarily known for being a drug treatment for nerve pain as well as being an anticonvulsant, or epileptic drug. This paper evaluates memantine as an augmentation therapy for treatment of anxiety. If you’re interested in natural and targeted ways of improving your cognitive function so that you can perform optimally despite all the negative news around you, we recommend checking out SelfDecode’s Cognitive Enhancement DNA Report. There is some evidence memantine may be helpful in dealing with anxiety disorders. Most studies support 20mg a day (or 10mg twice daily) to be the most effective dose [1]. Jonathan Ritter, PharmD, PhD (Pharmacology), Flea Bites on Humans & Pets: Symptoms & Treatment, Extended-release (24 hours) 7 mg, 14 mg, 21 mg, and 28 mg capsules. Also known as: Namenda, Namenda XR Memantine has an average rating of 5.3 out of 10 from a total of 55 ratings on Drugs.com. A responder was defined as a patient with a reduction of ≥50% in HAM-A total score. Some guidelines recommended to start patients off at 5mg once daily, and increase (“titrate”) the dose in increments of 5mg every week until reaching a dose of 20mg per day [13, 1, 44]. Patients with at least one postbaseline efficacy measurement were included in the efficacy dataset and analyzed using the last-observation-carried-forward (LOCF) technique. These functions included improvement in emotional control, self-monitoring, planning, and organizational skills [16]. Twelve weeks of memantine was reported to slightly decrease anxiety in 7 patients with GAD [22, 23]. Effectiveness was assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), CGI of Change (CGI-C), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Memantine was started at 5 mg/day and titrated to 20 mg/day within 2 weeks. Memantine also enhances intracortical inhibition, 23 which is deficient in OCD. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. This paper evaluates memantine as an augmentation therapy for treatment of anxiety. Sometimes, GABA activity increasing sedative drugs, such as diazepam, are used to raise GABA and create a better balance between the stimulatory glutamate and inhibitory GABA. Doctors will also sometimes prescribe memantine to help reduce or better manage some of the symptoms commonly seen in ADHD. -Initial Dose: 7 mg orally once a day. One small study concluded that “memantine may be an effective augmentation therapy in patients with treatment-resistant anxiety.” 14 memantine-like substances that show putative anti-proliferative and autophagic effects on several glioma and medulloblastoma cell lines through NMDAR1.18,19 In a phase I trial,20 memantine was found to be safe when combined with temozolomide, mefloquine, and metformin in patients with glioblastoma. Our e-book, How To Solve Procrastination, Forgetfulness and Lack of Mental Clarity Using Your Genes has helped hundreds of people get rid of their brain fog and improve their cognitive function. Learn how your comment data is processed. However, there are also several other types of dementia that have evidence to support the use of memantine in treatment, and it’s not uncommon for doctors to prescribe memantine as a part of the treatment for patients with these conditions. Ms. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Memantine was initiated at 5 mg/d. What does the science have to say about how it works and what it does? Given memantine’s ability to lower glutamate activity, it may be able to also lower anxiety without the need for a sedative medication. SelfHacked has the strictest sourcing guidelines in the health industry and we almost exclusively link to medically peer-reviewed studies, usually on PubMed. Memantine has warnings in those with kidney and liver dysfunction or impairment [3]. According to one study, sixty patients who took memantine daily for their migraines had an average of 3.4 fewer migraines per month, whereas the placebo group only had 1 less per month [28]. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of memantine in OCD and GAD, and to probe relative effects on OCD and anxiety symptoms. In summary, memantine … Acute effects literally eliminate any and all anxiety I have in social settings and I believe it is in large part due to memantine's nicotinic antagonism. One of the most common “off-label” uses of memantine is to treat other (i.e. Memantine also improved sleep quality, as shown by the decrease in average global PSQI scores from a baseline of 10.88 to 8.55 at the study endpoint. Join SelfHacked today and start the journey of improving your life. Occasionally, doctors will prescribe drugs like memantine to help treat conditions that fall outside of the official uses approved by the FDA – also known as “off-label” drug use [9, 10, 11]. Twelve weeks of memantine was reported to slightly decrease anxiety in 7 patients with GAD [22, 23]. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients. Memantine quickly binds to and blocks NMDA receptors, which can counteract toxicity caused by too much excitation (excitotoxicity), and thereby prevents programmed cell death (apoptosis) [4]. In 28 patients with refractory migraines, memantine taken daily reportedly helped to decrease the number of days with a headache from 22 per month to 16 days per month [30]. Most notably for trying to the higher and … Mean HAM-A at baseline was 16.6 which lowered to 10.9. For example, a double-blind randomized controlled trial in 80 young adults with opioid dependence treated with buprenorphine and/or naloxone were also given either memantine or a placebo. There were significant decreases in the scores of subscales for anxiety (p =0.04) and irritability/lability (p =0.04). Memantine partially inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors thus dampening synaptic glutamate availability [10]. In addition to some of the relatively well-accepted (but still technically unofficial) “off-label” uses described in the previous section, memantine has also been studied for its potential to treat a variety of other health conditions or other noteworthy effects. Objective. As always, however, always remember that the decision to use medications in this way can only be made by a licensed medical professional. It is generally well-tolerated, and does not appear to cause an unusually high rate of negative side-effects [36]. male and female outpatients aged 18–65 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of either generalized or social anxiety disorder based on MINI diagnostic interview; rating of at least “moderately ill” (score of 4) on the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-S) scale and score of at least 10 on HAM-A and 5 on HADS anxiety subscale; failure to respond adequately to trial of conventional anxiolytic; adequate treatment duration was considered 4 weeks at therapeutic dose; adequate response is defined as an improvement of ≥50% in symptoms of anxiety on current anxiolytic therapy, as measured subjectively by patients or objectively by physician; stable on current psychiatric medication for ≥6 weeks prior to study entry. Memantine (Namenda) is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist that is FDA-approved for the treatment of Alzheimer’s dementia. 1) Slows the Progression of Moderate-to-Severe Alzheimer’s Disease, 5) May Decrease Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), 6) May Decrease Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), 7) May Reduce the Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia, 2) May Help Treat Migraines and Headaches, 3) May Help with Short-Term Treatment of Substance Use Disorders, 4) May Protect Against Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, 5) May Delay Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Only a medical professional is properly qualified to determine the specific dosage that will be ideal for any individual case – and it is important to always discuss treatment plans with your doctor, and to follow their directions as carefully and accurately as you can to ensure the best treatment. Some evidence supports the use of memantine in the treatment of PTSD. This GABA-glutamate balance (when GABA is low and Glutamate is normal to high) is also felt to play a role in the development of generalized or social anxiety disorders. Week 1: 5 mg orally once a day. Week 2: 10 mg orally/day (Administer 5 mg twice a day.) Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), may play a role in the development of anxiety. The important (much rarer) side effects, which caregivers should watch for because of how memantine impacts signals in the brain, are shortness of … Muscle spasms are another common symptom of MS, causing discomfort and decreasing quality of life. Randomized studies are indicated to confirm whether memantine is a novel therapy for ADHD across the lifespan. The memantine group was reported to be significantly less likely to relapse compared to the placebo group, as observed over the course of eight weeks [31]. The FDA has officially approved memantine for the treatment of certain cases of Alzheimer’s disease, and this is the most typical medical use of memantine. In regards to limitations, this was an open-label consecutive patient case series. In addition, … It gives you genetic-based diet, lifestyle and supplement tips that can help improve your cognitive function. FDA has approved memantine, as a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [6]. None of the patients were allowed to take benzodiazepines during the course of the study. It is also used “off-label” to treat dementia, ADHD, PTSD, and other psychiatric conditions. All patients in this paper suffered from either social anxiety disorder (SAD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). We do not aim to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any illness or disease. Therefore, these drugs are useful for improving the daily functioning and quality-of-life of Alzheimer’s patients; but they nevertheless do not reverse the course of the disease once it has started, nor do they fully prevent the disease from progressing over time. The authors feel that memantine, given its ability to manipulate the GABA-glutamate balance by lowering glutamate without major side effects (weight gain, sexual problems, (i.e., SSRI/SNRI), or addiction (i.e., sedatives)), may be a reasonable add-on or augmentation strategy to better alleviate anxiety in SNRI or SSRI partial responders. We believe that the most accurate information is found directly in the scientific source. You must consult your doctor before acting on any content on this website, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition. 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